Preface
PART Ⅰ： INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS
CHAPTER I ARTICULATION AND ACOUSTICS
Speech Production
Sound Waves 5
Places of Articulatory Gestures
The Oro-Nasal Process
Manners of Articulation
The Waveforms of Consonants
The Articulation of Vowel Sounds
The Sounds of Vowels
Suprasegmentals
Exercises
CHAPTER 2 PHONOLOGY AND PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION
The Transcription of Consonants
The Transcription of Vowels
Consonant and Vowel Charts
Phonology
Exercises
Performance Exercises
PART Ⅱ： ENGLISH PHONETICS
CHAPTER 3 THE CONSONANTS OF ENGLISH
Stop Consonants
Fricatives
Affricates
Nasals
Approximants
Overlapping Gestures
Rules for English Consonant Allophones
Diacritics
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 4 ENGLISH VOWELS
Transcription and Phonetic Dictionaries
Vowel Quality
Unstressed Syllables
Tense and Lax Vowels
Rules for English Vowel Allophones
Exercises
Performance Exerses
CHAPTER 5 SENGLISH WORDS AND SENTENCES
Words in Connected Speech
Stress
Degrees of Stress
Sentence Stress
Intonation
Target Tones
Exercises
Performance Exercises
PART Ⅲ： GENERAL PHONETICS
CHAPTER 6
AIRSTREAM MECHANISMS AND PHONATION TYPES
Airstream Mechanisms
States of the Glottis
Voice Onset Time
Summary of Actions of the Glottis
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 7
CONSONANTAL GESTURES
Articulatory Targets
Types of Articulatory Gestures
Summary of Manners of Articulation
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 8
ACOUSTIC PHONETICS
Formants
Acoustic Analysis
Acoustics of Consonants
InterpretingSpectrograms
Individual Differences
Exercises
CHAPTER 9
VOWELS ANO VOWEL-LIKE ARTICULATIONS
Cardinal Vowels
Secondary Cardinal Vowels
Vowels in Other Accents of English
Vowels in Other Languages
Advanced Tongue Root (ATR)
Rhotacized Vowels
Nasalization
Summary of Vowel Quality
Semivowels
Secondary Articulatory Gestures
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 10
SYLLABLES ANDSUPRASEGMENTAL FEATURES
Syllables
Stress
Length
Rhythm
Intonation and Tone
Stress， Tone， and Pitch Accent Languages
Exercises
Performance Exercises
CHAPTER 11
LINGUISTIC PHONETICS
Controlling Articulatory Movements
The Balance between Phonetic Forces
The International Phonetic Alphabet
Feature Hierarchy
Phonological Features
Performance Exercises
Further Reading
Additional Resources
Glossary
Sources
Index
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