丛书总序
中文导读
Preface
Chapter 1 Types and Uses of Language Tests
Two Families of Language Tests
Norm-Referenced Tests
Criterion-Referenced Tests
Type of Interpretation
Type of Measurement
Purpose of the Testing
Distributions of Scores
Test Structure
Matching Tests to Decision Purposes
Program-Level Proficiency Decisions
Program-Level Placement Decisions
Classroom-Level Achievement Decisions
Classroom-Level Diagnostic Decisions
Why a Single Test Cannot Fulfill All Four Functions
Differences in Ranges of Ability
Differences in Variety of Content
Using Spreadsheet Programs in Language Testing
What Is a Spreadsheet Program?
How Will You Personally Benefit from Using a Spreadsheet Program in This Book?
Review Questions
Application Exercises
Chapter 2 Adopting, Adapting, and Developing Language Tests
Theoretical Issues
Language Teaching Methodology Issues
An Exceptionally Short History of Language Testing
Why Knowing about These Movements Is Important
The Competence/Performance Issue
The Discrete-Point/Integrative Issue
Practical Issues
The Fairness Issue
The Cost Issues
Ease of Test Construction
Ease of Test Administration
Ease of Test Scoring
Interactions of Theoretical Issues
Adopt, Adapt, or Develop?
Adopting Language Tests
Adapting Language Tests
Developing Language Tests
Putting Sound Tests in Place
Getting Started with Your Spreadsheet Program
Moving Around the Spreadsheet
Creating a Sample Spreadsheet
Entering Test Score Data to Create a Spreadsheet
Review Questions
Application Exercises
Chapter 3 Developing Good Quality Language Test Items
What is a Test Item?
Guidelines for Item Format Analysis
General Guidelines
Receptive Response Items
Productive Response Items
Personal Response Items
Why Bother with Item Format Analysis?
Review Questions
Application Exercises
Chapter 4 Item Analysis in Language Testing
Norm-Referenced Item Analysis
Item Facility Analysis
Item Discrimination Analysis
Calculating Item Facility and Discrimination with Your Spreadsheet
NRT Development and Improvement Projects
Criterion-Referenced Item Analysis
Item Quality Analysis
CRT Development and Improvement Projects
Role of Item Facility
Difference Index
The B-Index
CRT Item Selection
Review Questions
Application Exercises
Chapter 5 Describing Language Test Results
Displaying Data
Graphic Display of Frequencies
Creating Graphs in Excel TM
Scales of Measurement
……
Chapter 6 Interpreting Language Test Scores
Chapter 7 Correlation in Language Testing
Chapter 8 Language Test Reliability
Chapter 9 Language Test Dependability
Chapter 10 Language Test Validity
Chapter 11 Language Testing in Reality
Answer Keys
Glossary
Index
References
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